Remove 2002 Remove Measurement Remove Metrics Remove Testing
article thumbnail

The history of ESG: A journey towards sustainable investing

IBM Big Data Hub

It refers to a set of metrics used to measure an organization’s environmental and social impact and has become increasingly important in investment decision-making over the years. In response, asset managers began to develop ESG strategies and metrics to measure the environmental and social impact of their investments.

article thumbnail

ML internals: Synthetic Minority Oversampling (SMOTE) Technique

Domino Data Lab

Working with highly imbalanced data can be problematic in several aspects: Distorted performance metrics — In a highly imbalanced dataset, say a binary dataset with a class ratio of 98:2, an algorithm that always predicts the majority class and completely ignores the minority class will still be 98% correct. In their 2002 paper Chawla et al.

article thumbnail

Unintentional data

The Unofficial Google Data Science Blog

With more features come more potential post hoc hypotheses about what is driving metrics of interest, and more opportunity for exploratory analysis. Yet when we use these tools to explore data and look for anomalies or interesting features, we are implicitly formulating and testing hypotheses after we have observed the outcomes.